{"id":543,"date":"2026-02-27T20:41:29","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T12:41:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wo.city\/?p=543"},"modified":"2026-02-27T21:11:38","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T13:11:38","slug":"image-denoising-evolution-sparsity-self-similarity-adaptive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wo.city\/?p=543","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u56db\u7bc7\u7ecf\u5178\u8bba\u6587\u770b\u56fe\u50cf\u53bb\u566a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u8109\u7edc\uff1a\u7a00\u758f\u6027\u3001\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u4e0e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u56fe\u50cf\u53bb\u566a\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u4e5f\u6700\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e00\u5e45\u88ab\u52a0\u6027\u9ad8\u65af\u767d\u566a\u58f0\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6291\u5236\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u8fb9\u7f18\u3001\u7eb9\u7406\u548c\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7ed3\u6784\uff1f\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u6761\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u56db\u7bc7\u5728\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u5206\u522b\u6d89\u53ca\u5c0f\u6ce2\u6536\u7f29\u3001\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u5747\u503c\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u534f\u540c\u4e09\u7ef4\u6ee4\u6ce2\u2014\u2014\u68b3\u7406\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u56fe\u50cf\u53bb\u566a\u6280\u672f\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u5185\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e24\u6761\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u53d8\u6362\u57df\u7a00\u758f\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u57df\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c<\/h2>\n

\u7eb5\u89c2\u56db\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u53bb\u566a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5047\u8bbe\u53ef\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u53d8\u6362\u57df\u4e2d\u662f\u7a00\u758f\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u56fe\u50cf\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u57df\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u524d\u8005\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u5c0f\u6ce2\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5b57\u5178\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0eBM3D\u5219\u5206\u522b\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u4e24\u6761\u601d\u8def\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u7528\u5c0f\u6ce2\u6536\u7f29\u9002\u5e94\u672a\u77e5\u5149\u6ed1\u6027\u300b<\/a>\u6240\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684SureShrink\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Donoho & Johnstone, 1994\uff09\u662f\u53d8\u6362\u57df\u7a00\u758f\u53bb\u566a\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4e4b\u4f5c\u3002\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u6781\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\uff1a\u6b63\u4ea4\u5c0f\u6ce2\u53d8\u6362\u5c06\u4fe1\u53f7\u80fd\u91cf\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u5c11\u6570\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u767d\u566a\u58f0\u5728\u53d8\u6362\u540e\u4ecd\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u4fdd\u7559\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u6216\u7f6e\u96f6\u5c0f\u7cfb\u6570\u2014\u2014\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8d21\u732e\u5728\u4e8e\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u5149\u6ed1\u6027\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u5728Besov\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd1\u6781\u5c0f\u6781\u5927\u6536\u655b\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4e14\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4ec5\u4e3aO(N log N)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00”\u540c\u65f6\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027”\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e2d\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u4e0e\u6700\u4f18\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u5747\u503c\uff1a\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u53bb\u566a\u300b<\/a>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002Buades\u7b49\u4eba\uff082005\uff09\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u5bdf\u662f\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7eb9\u7406\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u5c40\u90e8\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u9ad8\u65af\u5e73\u6ed1\u3001\u5404\u5411\u5f02\u6027\u6269\u6563\u8fd8\u662f\u5168\u53d8\u5206\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u53ea\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u90bb\u57df\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e”\u5149\u6ed1\u6027”\u5047\u8bbe\u3002NL-means\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5168\u56fe\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u641c\u7d22\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u90bb\u57df\u5757\u7684\u50cf\u7d20\u5e76\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u5c06\u53bb\u566a\u4ece”\u4fe1\u53f7\u5206\u79bb”\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u7684”\u9884\u6d4b”\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u4e3a20\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u566a\u58f0\u4e0b\uff0cNL-means\u7684\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5168\u53d8\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u768462%\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u63d0\u5347\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4ece\u9884\u8bbe\u53d8\u6362\u5230\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\uff1a\u5b57\u5178\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6865\u6881\u4f5c\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u5c0f\u6ce2\u6536\u7f29\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u542b\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff1a\u5c0f\u6ce2\u57fa\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u56fe\u50cf\u7a00\u758f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684”\u6b63\u786e”\u53d8\u6362\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eb9\u7406\u4e30\u5bcc\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5c0f\u6ce2\u57fa\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u300a\u4ece\u566a\u58f0\u56fe\u50cf\u81ea\u8eab\u5b66\u5b57\u5178\u505a\u53bb\u566a\u300b<\/a>\u6240\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684K-SVD\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Elad & Aharon, 2006\uff09\u6b63\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

K-SVD\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\uff1a\u4e0e\u5176\u9884\u8bbe\u53d8\u6362\u57fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u2014\u2014\u751a\u81f3\u4ece\u5f85\u53bb\u566a\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u56fe\u50cf\u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u5b66\u4e60\u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a8\u00d78\u56fe\u50cf\u5757\u88ab\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a64\u00d7256\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5c11\u6570\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u4ea4\u5339\u914d\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6c42\u89e3\u7a00\u758f\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u7ecfK-SVD\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ea4\u66ff\u4f18\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u7a00\u758f\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5b57\u5178\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5730\u6355\u6349\u7279\u5b9a\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7edf\u8ba1\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u03c3\u226450\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5b57\u5178\u7684PSNR\u8fbe\u523034.86 dB\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u4f18\u7684Portilla\u5c0f\u6ce2\u57df\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ea60.24 dB\uff1b\u5bf9\u7eb9\u7406\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684Barbara\u56fe\u50cf\uff0cK-SVD\u8fed\u4ee3\u76f8\u6bd4\u521d\u59cbDCT\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u8fbe1 dB\u7684\u589e\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8c31\u7cfb\u6765\u770b\uff0cK-SVD\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5b83\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u5c0f\u6ce2\u6536\u7f29\u7684\u7a00\u758f\u8868\u793a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u56fa\u5b9a\u53d8\u6362\u57fa\uff1b\u5b83\u5c1a\u672a\u663e\u5f0f\u5229\u7528\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5b57\u5178\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9690\u542b\u5730\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u53e0\u5757\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4e86\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u624b\u5de5\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u540e\u6765\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8868\u793a\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6865\u6881\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e24\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff1aBM3D\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u6574\u5408<\/h2>\n

\u300aBM3D\uff1a\u628a\u76f8\u4f3c\u5757\u5806\u62103D\u7ec4\u505a\u534f\u540c\u6ee4\u6ce2\u300b<\/a>\u6240\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684BM3D\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08Dabov et al., 2007\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u524d\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u6574\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u53d8\u6362\u57df\u7a00\u758f\u6027\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u57df\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u5de7\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u53e0\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

BM3D\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u5757\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5757\uff08\u5757\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94NL-means\u7684\u81ea\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u601d\u60f3\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5757\u5806\u53e0\u6210\u4e09\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u505a\u53d8\u6362\u57df\u6536\u7f29\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u6ce2\u6536\u7f29\u7684\u7a00\u758f\u6027\u601d\u60f3\uff09\u3002\u5173\u952e\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u76f8\u4f3c\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u901a\u8fc7\u8de8\u5757\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u53d8\u6362\uff08Haar\u5c0f\u6ce2\uff09\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4f7f\u663e\u8457\u7cfb\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u4eceN\u00d7K\u9aa4\u964d\u81f3\u63a5\u8fd1K\uff0c\u7a00\u758f\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u9608\u503c\u6536\u7f29\u3002Dabov\u7b49\u4eba\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8de8\u5757\u65b9\u5411\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559DC\u5206\u91cf\uff0cBM3D\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u9000\u5316\u4e3aNL-means\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u5bdf\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u4e86NL-means\u5728BM3D\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u4e09\u7ef4\u534f\u540c\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6574\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u9000\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

BM3D\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u6b65\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u7528\u786c\u9608\u503c\u6536\u7f29\u83b7\u5f97\u57fa\u7840\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u7ec4\u5e76\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8cWiener\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7cbe\u4fee\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u5e26\u6765\u8d85\u8fc70.5 dB\u7684\u989d\u5916\u589e\u76ca\u3002\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u03c3=25\u9ad8\u65af\u767d\u566a\u58f0\uff09\u4e0b\uff0cBM3D\u5728Lena\u3001Barbara\u3001House\u7b49\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0a\u5168\u9762\u9886\u5148\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e14\u5904\u7406256\u00d7256\u56fe\u50cf\u4ec5\u97000.7\u81f34.1\u79d2\uff0c\u6bd4K-SVD\u5feb\u4e00\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5173\u952e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n

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