{"id":600,"date":"2026-02-28T09:02:25","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T01:02:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wo.city\/?p=600"},"modified":"2026-02-28T09:02:25","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T01:02:25","slug":"gene-editing-three-gambles-base-editing-de-extinction-embryo-selection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wo.city\/?p=600","title":{"rendered":"\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u8d4c\u5c40"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5a74\u513f\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143<\/h2>\n

KJ Muldoon \u51fa\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u91cc\u7684\u6c28\u6b63\u5728\u6740\u6b7b\u4ed6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u7f3a\u9677\u8ba9\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u4ee3\u8c22\u6c28\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u5065\u5eb7\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u5c31\u5904\u7406\u6389\u7684\u5e9f\u7269\u3002\u5bf9KJ\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6bd2\u836f\uff0c\u6084\u6084\u4fb5\u8680\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u30022024\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5a74\u513f\u6700\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u7b49\u4e00\u9897\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u809d\u810f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u7b49\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u809d\u810f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u57fa\u56e0\u7597\u6cd5\u3002\u56e2\u961f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53eb”\u78b1\u57fa\u7f16\u8f91”\uff08base editing\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u62fc\u5199\u7ea0\u9519\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f\u526a\u6389\u6574\u6bb5DNA\u518d\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7cbe\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u90a3\u4e2a”\u62fc\u9519\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd”\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u6539\u5bf9\u3002\u4e09\u6b21\u6cbb\u7597\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cKJ\u7684\u6c28\u6c34\u5e73\u56de\u5f52\u6b63\u5e38\u30022024\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\ufffd\ufffd\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u8fc7\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5723\u8bde\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u5f88\u6696\u3002\u4f46\u6696\u610f\u80cc\u540e\u85cf\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b7\u786c\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff1aKJ\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u7ea6\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u591a\u5962\u4f88\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f”\u5b9a\u5236”\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3aKJ\u90a3\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u7f55\u89c1\u75c5\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53eb\u7f55\u89c1\u75c5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u79cd\u7a81\u53d8\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5168\u7403\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u4f8b\u3002\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u60a3\u8005\u4ece\u5934\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u6b3e\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u6ce8\u5b9a\u60ca\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff0cKJ\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u6b63\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u8def\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u83b7\u5f97\u76d1\u7ba1\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd”\u5e73\u53f0\u578b”\u5ba1\u6279\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u5957\u78b1\u57fa\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7a81\u53d8\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6bcf\u6b21\u91cd\u8d70\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5ba1\u6279\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u534f\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1KJ\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Fyodor Urnov\u6700\u8fd1\u521b\u529e\u4e86Aurora Therapeutics\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u601d\u8def\u653b\u514b\u82ef\u4e19\u916e\u5c3f\u75c7\uff08PKU\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u7f8e\u56fdFDA\u5df2\u7ecf\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u7c7b”\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u4e2a\u6027\u7597\u6cd5”\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5ba1\u6279\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u8d70\u901a\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece”\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5947\u8ff9”\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u7684\u533b\u7597\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46”\u53ef\u80fd”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u91cc\u7684\u534a\u8870\u671f\u5f88\u77ed\uff0c\u76d1\u7ba1\u3001\u5b9a\u4ef7\u3001\u957f\u671f\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u8fd8\u6ca1\u7ffb\u5f00\u7684\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u731b\u72b8\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u56e0<\/h2>\n

Colossal Biosciences \u5927\u6982\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u6700\u64c5\u957f\u5236\u9020\u5934\u6761\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u516c\u53f8\u30022024\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ba3\u5e03\u9020\u51fa\u4e86”\u731b\u72b8\u9f20”\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u62e5\u6709\u84ec\u677e\u76ae\u6bdb\u548c\u5377\u66f2\u80e1\u987b\u7684\u5c0f\u9f20\uff0c\u5916\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\u6a21\u4eff\u731b\u72b8\u8c61\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u6765\u4e86\uff1a\u4e09\u53ea”\u6050\u72fc”\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u96ea\u767d\u7684\u6bdb\u8272\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7070\u72fcDNA\u8fdb\u884c20\u5904\u57fa\u56e0\u6539\u9020\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u53e4\u4ee3\u6050\u72fc\u9aa8\u9abc\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u521b\u9020\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u7269\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u7684\u53eb”\u6050\u72fc”\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6253\u5f15\u53f7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6050\u72fc\uff08dire wolf\uff09\u5728\u5927\u7ea6\u4e00\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u706d\u7edd\uff0c\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7070\u72fc\u7684\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdc\u6bd4\u4eba\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7684\u8981\u758f\u8fdc\u3002\u6539\u4e8620\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u7070\u72fc\uff0c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1”\u643a\u5e26\u67d0\u4e9b\u53e4\u4ee3\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u72fc”\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u4e89\u8bba\u547d\u540d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u9519\u8fc7\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a\u8fd9\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002\u4ece\u53e4\u4ee3\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u964d\u89e3\u7684DNA\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u62fc\u63a5\u3001\u6d4b\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\ufffd\ufffd\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u53d8\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u6027\u72b6\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u5de5\u5177\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5f02\u5f15\u5165\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8def\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u53e4DNA\u5206\u6790\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u514b\u9686\u6280\u672f\u5728\u5ba0\u7269\u590d\u5236\u548c\u6fd2\u5371\u7269\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002Colossal\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e32\u8054\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u66f4\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u4f46\u65b9\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1aTufts\u5927\u5b66Michael Levin\u56e2\u961f\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\uff08GRN\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u56e0\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u63a7\u7684\u90a3\u5957\u5206\u5b50\u7ebf\u8def\u2014\u2014\u5c45\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c”\u8054\u60f3\u5b66\u4e60”\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u300a\u5206\u5b50\u4e5f\u6709\u5fc3\u667a\u5417\u300b<\/a>\u91cc\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5206\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u643a\u5e26\u7740\u67d0\u79cd”\u8bb0\u5fc6”\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u53e4\u4ee3DNA\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\u2014\u2014\u57fa\u56e0\u5e8f\u5217\u53ea\u662f\u5267\u672c\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u624d\u662f\u5bfc\u6f14\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u5316\u77f3\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0cColossal\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u786e\u5b9e\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4ece”\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u53ea\u957f\u5f97\u50cf\u731b\u72b8\u8c61\u7684\u5927\u8c61”\u5230”\u7406\u89e3\u731b\u72b8\u8c61\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u731b\u72b8\u8c61”\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u9694\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5c1a\u672a\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5c42\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u80da\u80ce\u5f00\u59cb\u88ab\u6253\u5206<\/h2>\n

\u8bd5\u7ba1\u5a74\u513f\uff08IVF\uff09\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u5728\u80da\u80ce\u79fb\u690d\u56de\u5b50\u5bab\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u5206\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u54ea\u4e9b\u80da\u80ce\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u7740\u5e8a\u548c\u53d1\u80b2\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u5206\u57fa\u4e8e\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u89c2\u5bdf\u2014\u2014\u770b\u770b\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u5f97\u662f\u5426\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u53d1\u80b2\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u80da\u80ce\u4e0a\u53d6\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u7b5b\u67e5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5510\u6c0f\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u6216\u56ca\u6027\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4f26\u7406\u4e89\u8bae\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u516c\u53f8\u628a\u8fd9\u6761\u7ebf\u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u5bb6\u53ebNucleus\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6b63\u5728\u5411\u51c6\u7236\u6bcd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u5176\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8eab\u9ad8\u3001\u773c\u775b\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u667a\u5546\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e2e\u52a9\u7236\u6bcd”\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5b9d\u5b9d”\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8425\u9500\u7528\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u591a\u57fa\u56e0\u8bc4\u5206\uff08polygenic score\uff09\u3002\u667a\u5546\u3001\u8eab\u9ad8\u8fd9\u7c7b\u590d\u6742\u6027\u72b6\u4e0d\u7531\u5355\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d7\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u5f71\u54cd\u5171\u540c\u5851\u9020\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u53600.01%\u3002\u591a\u57fa\u56e0\u8bc4\u5206\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5fae\u5c0f\u6548\u5e94\u52a0\u603b\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u6027\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e”\u6982\u7387\u6027”\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

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